Steam boiler



SePf- 6, 1932. w. HUNTEMULLER 1,875,608

STEAM BOILER Filed June 19. 19:50 2 sheets-sheet 1 Sept. 6, 1932.' w. HuNTEMULLl-:R 1,875,608

STEAM BOILER v Filed June `19. 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 UNITED Patented Sept. 6, 1932 TES wom-summum, oir

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.- smxnormm Application llled .Tune 19, 1930, Serial lo.

This invention relates to steam boilers for a4 working pressure in the neighborhood of the' critical pressure at which a lliquid and its vapor have the same density 1 and therefore v mais. nu ,in Quinny my s. vwas.

raised to aboutthe criticalpressureinthispipe i systemfaccumulates in athickwalledreservoir' 4. From the latter one or more pipes .5 pass to the engines orxturbines in whichfthe vapor 5 there is no difference between the'liquid space is to be used, which are not vshown 'in the` 5t and the. vapor space.v 4The wall of such a steam boiler must be of very great thickness,

and the greater the diameter of the steam boiler, the greater the thickness of the walls l must be. The object of my invention is to enable such a steam boiler to be constructed of tubes of comparatively small diameter.

For this purpose I remove from the steam boiler, consisting' of tubes, the quantity of `5 liquid which is not used by the steam engine or steam turbine fed from the steam boiler and place this liquid in a system of tubes in which heat is withdrawn from it byvcooling.

Owing to this cooling the vapor iscondensed :o to liquid but the volume of the fluid, and

therefore also its pressure, are not altered, since at the critical pressure the vapor and liquid have the same volume. I return the Vcooled liquid into" tlsteam boiler, for which n purpose I employ a circulating pump.

The liquid used for cooling vthe "heated liquid takes up heat during this o eration,' and is preferably emplo ed as feed llquid for the steam boiler, for wh1ch a further pump is required, which raises the pressure of this' liquid to about the critical pressure.; This pump is built as a unit with the first mentioned pump, and in this unit the pressure is raised in stages, in such a way thatthe lower pressure stages are located at the ends'and the pressure rises towards the middle, the

. critical pressure being reached in the midner two associated thick-walled pipe coils or groups of pipes 2 and 3 are lodged. The pipecoil 2 is the actual steam boiler, and the end D 3 thereof is the superheater. vThe liquid drawings. In each of these pipes avalve 6 is provided, which reduces the pressure. This` valve does not form part of the invention. v

From the reservolr there branches oil' -a pipe 7, inpwhich a safety This pipe leads to a valve 9, which is c'ontrolled by a thermostat in'dependenceupon the temperature of the vapor, and which, in

the event of the pressure rising -above the critical pressure, which occurs if the en ines do not take in all thnvapor generated, a lows the excess vapor lto enter a pipe 10. This guards against an excessive rise of temperature in the tubes 2 and the said tubes.

An example of a thermostat for controlvalve 8 is provided. 00'-V 3, and the burning of ling the valve 9 is illustrated in Figure 1.

In the wall of the reservoir 4:v is inserted a metal tube 11, to thebottom of which is secured a rod, 12, consisting of a metal which expands more under the iniuence of heat than the metal of the tube 11. This r'od 'is attached to a lever 13 pivotally connected with the reservoir 4, the free end of the lever being con-l nected by a link 14 with a control piston 15. The latter is displaceable in the small cylin- .der 16, into the centre of'which a pressure liquid, oil for instance, is supplied through a pipe 17 by a pressure pump 18 driven by any suitable source of power. According to the position of the control piston .15, the pressure liquid is passed either into a ipe 19 or into a pipe 20, which are connecte laterally to the cylinder 16. The pipes 19 and 20 open into the top and bottoml respectively of a cylinder 21, the Apiston 22 of which is 4connected by its piston rod 23 with the valve 9. If the rod 12 expands more than the sleeve 11, the pressure liquid, as-illustrated in the drawings, is passed through the pipe 19 to the under side of the .piston 22, andthe valve 9 is Y thereby `ipened. The pressure liquid abovethe piston 22, being thereby displaced, ows back throughthe pipe 20 to the cylinder 16, which is open at its ends, and falls out of the latter in to a vessel, not shown, from which 'it is drawn out again by suction by the pump 18. Upon the temperature ofthe vapor falling, the operation is reversed, whereby the valve 9 is closed again.

The excess vapor passes through the pipe 10 to a heat-exchanging device. The latter consists. in the example illustrated, of three boilers 24, 25 and 26, but more or fewer such boilers might be provided if preferred. The

' vapor or liquid passes through pipe coils 27,

which extend in series through the boilers 24, 25 and 26. Into the last boiler 26, through a pipe 28, there passes liquid, which flows through pipes 29 and 30 from one boilerto the next, and leaves the lirst boiler 24 by a plpe 31. In doing 'so it withdraws heat from the -vapor in the pipe 27, and is thereby warmed From the liquid in the pipe 27, heat or'energy is withdrawn by the coolingv and the vapor is converted into liu id,but itsressure does not thereby fall lowthe critical pressure, since at this'pressure the liquid has the same density as vapor. The condensed liquid is returned by'a pipe 36, 37 to the pipe coil 2. In this pipe is interposed a circulating pump 38. The latter need only raise the pressure of theliuid very little, if at all, being only for the purpose of effecting the circulation, since the fluid does not circulate of itself, owing to the liquid and the vapor being of the same density. f

The liquid from the pipe 31 serves as feed liquid. It is raised by a pump 39 to a pressure equal to about the critical pressure, and is then passed through a pipe 40 into the pump 38, by'which it is fed into the pipe 37 and the steam boiler 2, 3. l

The representation of the two pumps 38 and 39 in Figure'l is only diagrammatic. Instead of two separate pumps, I employ a rotary pump of the kind illustrated in Figure 2. In the constructional example illustrated this pump has .nine compartments numbered 41 to 49, each of which has a rotor 51, these rotors being mounted upon a common shaft. It would however also be possible to provide more or fewer compartments. The shaft 501g is driven by any convenient source of power, y. not shown. Each of these compartments corresponds to one pressure stage, and its rotor 51 delivers the pressure liquid into an external ,annular passage 52, from which it iows through a radial passage 43 to the centre of the/rotor 51 ofthe next higher pressure stage. The lowest pressure stages 41 and49 are located at the ends of the pump, and the high- -est pressure stage 45 is located in the centre and ycorresponds to the pump 38 in Figure 1. The `remainin correspond to t e pump 39 in Figure 1. The stuing boxes 54 at the ends of the pump need only be packed for a low pressure with this arrangement. The pipe 31 is branched and leads to both the compartments 41 and 49.

- The pi e 36 leads to the radial passages 53 of one or oth ofthe compartments 44, 46, so that from it the liquid passes directly ,to the rotor 51 of the compartment 45. From the annular 'passage 52 of the com artment 45 the pipe 37 conveys all the liqui into the steam boiler.

1. A steam boiler plant, comprising the combination with a Vsteam boiler comprising steam` generating tubes, means forV orcing liquid into said boiler at-about critical pressure, means forl` heating the li uid in the tubes to raise the pressure thereo and apipe connected to said boiler for supplying steam to a steam consumer, of a second pipe connected to the boiler, a valve in said second pipe for controlling the admission of steam thereto from the boiler,.actuating means for said valve controlled'by the temperature of the steam in the boiler and operating to open the valve on the temperature of the steam risin and to close the valve on the temperature allin ,g means for coolingthe steam. in said.v secon pipe and means connected to the second pi e and to the'boiler for returning the coole Huid to the boiler.

2. A steam boileri plant, comprising the combination with a steam boiler comprising steam generating tubes, means for heating 'the liquid in' the tubes to raise the pressure thereof and a pipe connected to said boiler for supplying steam to a steam consumer, oi a second pipe connected to -the-boiler, a valve in said second pipe for controllin the admission of steam thereto from .the oiler, actuating means for said fvalve controlled by the temperature of the vsteam in the boiler and operating'to open the valve on the temperature of the steam rising and to close the valve on the temperature falling, vessels surrounding` said second pipe, means for supplying water to said vessels', a pump connected to said second pipe and to the boiler'fol returning' li uid from said pipe to the boilel and a secon pump connected to said vessel: and to the first-mentioned pump for with drawing water from said vessels and forcing it intothe first-mentioned 'pump at'aboui critical pressure.

3. A steam boiler plant, comprising th combination with a steam boiler comprising steam generating tubes, means for heating the liquid in the tubes to raise the pressun thereof and a pipe connected to said boilei for supplying steam to a steam consumer, o: a second pipe connected to the boiler a valw compartments collectively in said second pi for controlling the ad# mission of steam t creto from the boiler, actuating means for said valve controlled by the temperature of the steam in the boiler and operating to open .the valve on the temperature of the steam rising and to close the valve on the temperature falling, vessels surrounding said second pipe, means for supplying water to said vessels, a pump connected to said second ipe and to the boiler for returning liquid om said pipe to the boiler, steam withdrawal means connected to said vessels, and a second pump connected to said vessels and to the first-mentioned pump for withdrawing water from said vessels and forcing it into the first-mentioned pump at about critical pressure.

' 4.A ,steam boiler plant, comprising the combination with a steam boiler comprising steam generating tubes, means for heating the liquid in the tubes to raise the pressure thereof and a pipe connected to said boiler for supplying steam to a steam consumer, of

A a second pipe connected to the boiler, a valve pressure stage, a pipe connected to said ves-v sels and to the inlets of the initial low pres- -pressure stage in said second pipe for controlling the admission of steam thereto from the boiler, actuating means for said valve controlled by the temperature of the steam in the boiler and operating to open the valve onlthe temperature of the steam rising and to close the valve on the temperature falling, vessels surrounding said second pipe, means for supplying water to said vessels, a rotary pump comprising a plurality of adjacent pressure stage compartments with the highest pressure stage intermediate the ends of the pump and the initial low pressure stages at the ends of the pump, so that each stage is adapted to deliver to the adjacent stage further inwards, said high pressure stage operating at about critical pressure, saidvsecond pipe being connected to the inlet of the highest sure stagesat the ends of the ump and a pipe connected to the outlet ofp and to the boiler, for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I'ha-ve signed my name to this specification.

WOLF HUNTEMLLER.

the highest 

